The traditional English teaching mode in colleges and universities has many problems in cultivating students’ language ability. This paper introduces information technology into task-based English teaching in colleges and universities and constructs a task-based English teaching mode based on SPOC technology. With the orientation of improving students’ language ability, it implements the improvement of English teaching mode in colleges and universities. Using principal component analysis to comprehensively evaluate the relevant indicators of students’ language proficiency in the process of task-based English teaching in colleges and universities, and quantify the effect of the combination of information technology and task-based English teaching on the improvement of students’ language proficiency. Ten classes of students majoring in English in a university were selected and divided into experimental and control groups, and the data related to students’ language proficiency were collected and analyzed at the end of the experiment. The data were downscaled using principal component analysis, and the principal components were extracted according to the eigenvalues and cumulative contribution rate. The comprehensive score of students’ language proficiency is calculated by the comprehensive evaluation function of students’ language proficiency constructed in this paper. The language proficiency of students in the experimental group and the control group is significantly different after the experiment, and the comprehensive scores of students in the experimental group are 53.96% and 61.96% higher than those before the experiment, respectively. It reveals that the introduction of information technology into task-based teaching of English in colleges and universities has a significant effect on the enhancement of students’ language proficiency.