This paper takes ten economies as examples to analyze and assess the current situation of their international trade development through RCA, MS and TC indexes. On the basis of Porter’s “diamond model” theory, a comprehensive evaluation index system of international trade competitiveness is set up in combination with the actual situation. The entropy value method is used to measure the comprehensive index of international trade competitiveness, and the influence of various influencing factors on international trade competitiveness is empirically studied based on the principal component multiple regression analysis. The results show that the U.S. international trade competitiveness is far ahead, with an average score of 3.67 in 2020-2024, and the lowest score is Singapore, with a score of only -2.17. The degree of explanation of international trade competitiveness of the four factors reaches 98.9%, and all of them have a promotional effect on the international trade competitiveness, in the following order: factors of production>enterprise strategy and competition>related industries>demand factors.