This paper adopts research methods such as literature method and questionnaire survey method to take the cultural inheritance and development of Lanzhou Taiping Drum as the research object, and conducts in-depth discussion on the characteristics, social background and development of Lanzhou Taiping Drum. The research and analysis of the influence of the inheritance of Lanzhou Taiping Drum was also carried out by using principal component analysis and stepwise regression method in combination with the actual situation. It is found that many factors of Lanzhou Taiping Drum itself and government factors have significant influence on its inheritance. On the basis of the results of this study, we explore the ways and contents of the protection and inheritance of Lanzhou Tai Ping Drum, and put forward the digital inheritance of Lanzhou Tai Ping Drum and the path of cultural ecological reconstruction in terms of the influencing factors.