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Tang Dynasty costumes are regarded as a brilliant brushstroke in the history and culture of Chinese costumes, and the fate of the whole Tang Dynasty can be analyzed through the evolution of Tang Dynasty costumes. In this paper, we have constructed a dress semiotics system from the social level, psychological level and cultural trait level, through the transfer of the imagery dress structure to the real dress, to express its symbolic meaning, and applied the constructed system to the Tang dress symbols, to interpret the meaning of the Tang dress symbols from the two levels of society and culture. Using CiteSpace information visualization software, combined with the literature of “Tang Dynasty Costume”, the study explores the dynamic evolution law of Tang Dynasty costume culture. The results of the study show that the earliest year for the keyword “Tang Dynasty costumes” is 1985, and the frequency is as high as 68 times. The keywords with the highest degree of centrality are dress and Tang Dynasty culture, both of which are 0.38. A number of new keywords with strong salience emerged in 2013-2023, among which the ones with a sudden increase of intensity greater than 5 are artistic features, clothing styles, clothing colors, clothing shapes, sweater, structural design, cheongsam, and knitted fabrics, and therefore the future hotspot of the Tang Dynasty dress research shifts to these keywords.