Applied Research on Rocky Slope Damage Mechanism and Prevention Based on Big Data and Discrete Element Simulation

The physical and mechanical properties of the rock body at the foot of the slope are prone to deterioration under water-rock action, which affects the stability of the slope body. Accurate understanding of the damage mechanism of anticlinal rocky slopes in reservoir area under the condition of deterioration of the rock body at the foot of the slope is the key to the reasonable evaluation of stability. In this paper, the main lithological characteristics of the anti-dipping rocky slopes in the reservoir area and the distribution characteristics of slope height, slope angle and inclination angle of the rock layer are investigated as the research object, and the deformation and damage characteristics and laws of the rock body are obtained. Numerical simulation of anticline slopes was carried out using GDEM mechanical analysis software based on the discrete element method of continuous medium mechanics. It is found that the upper and middle parts of the slope where the invert body is located in the studied engineering example have deep tensile cracks and shallow surface block tipping damage, while the middle and lower parts show deep bending deformation, and there is a gradual transition zone in the contact between the deformed rock layer and the bedrock. As the distance between the cave and the basement increases, the rock layers gradually tilt towards the Yellow River from the north-east to the north-west, with the rock layers at the base of the cave tilting between 340° and 350°. The inclination of the rock layer in the example slope is 76°, and the main rupture surface of the slope, i.e. the location of the largest bending moment of the rock layer, has a small inclination angle with the horizontal plane. The slope angle is 48°, and the sum of the angles of the slope angle and the inclination angle of the rock layer is obviously larger than 117°, and the slope will be deformed and damaged, which is consistent with the value of the conditions for the slope to be deformed and damaged.