The traditional Chinese culture contacted in history education has many common points with the Civic and Political Education, which has become a new method of value penetration of Civic and Political Education. This paper reveals the value penetration of traditional Chinese culture in Civic and political education from the perspective of innovative cultural topology, and puts forward three strategies to innovate the concept of Civic and political education, such as enhancing the effect of aesthetic connotation of Civic and political education. On this basis, variables are designed, structural equation model is constructed, and the role of teaching concept and other variables on the value penetration of traditional Chinese culture Civic and political education is analyzed through the reliability test and factor analysis. Combined with system dynamics, the system causality diagram is drawn according to the causal feedback relationship between internal and external factors to explore the causal relationship affecting the value penetration of Civic and Political Education, and then explain the mechanism of the role of traditional Chinese culture Civic and Political Education. It was found that all five paths among latent variables passed the significance level test of 0.001, and the teacher’s mission and ideal belief in teaching philosophy had the most significant effect on the value penetration of traditional Chinese culture Civic and political education, with path coefficients of 0.98. In the process of Chinese traditional culture civic education, it is necessary to reflect the unity of humanistic spirit and modern spirit, the unity of professional ethics and values, and to form the style of course civic education and course civic education characteristics with Chinese traditional culture.