The construction of information resource management system is a promotion for upgrading industrial structure and enhancing independent innovation capability. Based on the city-level data of a region from 2010 to 2022, the evaluation index system of information resource management system and regional economic development mode is established, and the variables are measured according to the collected data using gray correlation analysis method. Then double machine learning method is applied to explore the influence effect of information resource management system on regional economic development model. The baseline regression analysis reveals that the information resource management system can promote the regional economic development model, with a regression coefficient of 0.029, and the conclusion still holds after the stability test. The heterogeneity results show that regions with better economic foundation (0.067) and peripheral cities (0.036) are more significantly affected by the positive spillover effect of the information resource management system. This paper combines machine learning algorithms with traditional causal inference to explore the role path of information resource management system to promote regional economic development model, which provides empirical evidence and decision-making reference for promoting regional economic development.