The application of modern information technology in track and field training has become an important means to improve the training effect. The study analyses the application of smart wearable devices in track and field training, takes the real-time feedback data of smart wearable devices as the index observation point, constructs the evaluation index system of track and field training based on smart wearable devices, and explores the application of factor analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. On this basis, teaching experiments are carried out using smart wearable devices and the evaluation system to explore the effect of smart wearable devices on the enhancement of track and field training in athletic performance. The track and field training of the students in the sample colleges and universities was of medium level, with a total score of 73.71, in which the development of students’ will quality and teachers’ grasp of the training situation still need to be improved. After training with smart wearable devices and assessment system, the practicing students got 4.09%~5.01% improvement in standing long jump, 50m run and 800m run, and there was also a significant difference in training interest with the control students (P<0.05). The smart wearable device and evaluation system can achieve real-time data monitoring and training feedback, which can help coaches and students adjust training in time and improve the effect of track and field training.