In the process of social development of Tang Dynasty, literary works behind the depth of interpretation and expression, systematized spiritual concepts. In this paper, the text data of Tang Dynasty literary works are processed by word division and de-discontinued words, and it is intended to use Transformer model to realize the word vector transformation of text data, and put the word vector into Text-CNN network for iterative training to realize the text feature extraction. By means of text feature screening, the cultural value assessment system of Tang Dynasty literary works is formed, and a comprehensive evaluation model of cultural value is designed under the role of convolutional neural network and text features, and using the model of this paper, the cultural value of Tang Dynasty literary works is assessed. The accuracy rate of cultural value classes “Ⅱ”, “Ⅲ” and “Ⅴ” is 1, while the accuracy rate of cultural value classes “I” and “Ⅳ” have accuracy rates of 0.98 and 0.96, indicating that the model in this paper can accurately assess the cultural value in Tang Dynasty literary works.