Given a good drawing of a graph on some orientable surface, there exists a good drawing of the same graph with one more or one less crossing on an orientable surface which can be exactly determined. Our methods use a new combinatorial representation for drawings. These results lead to bounds related to the Thrackle Conjecture.
Citation
J.E. Cottingham, R.D. Ringeisen. Adding and Deleting Crossings in Drawings of Graphs[J], Ars Combinatoria, Volume 055. 167-179. .