The Digraphs from Finite Fields

Abstract

For a finite field \(\mathbb{F}_{p^t}\) of order \(p^t\), where \(p\) is a prime and \(t \geq 1\), we consider the digraph \(G(\mathbb{F}_{p^t}, k)\) that has all the elements of \(\mathbb{F}_{p^t}\) as vertices and a directed edge \(E(a, b)\) if and only if \(a^k = b\), where \(a, b \in \mathbb{F}_{p^t}\). We completely determine the structure of \(G(\mathbb{F}_{p^t},k)\), the isomorphic digraphs of \(\mathbb{F}_{p^t}\), and the longest cycle in \(G(\mathbb{F}_{p^t}, k)\).