Avis has shown that the number of vertices of a minimal triangle-free \(5\)-chromatic graph is no fewer than \(19\). Mycielski has shown that this number is no more than \(23\). In this paper, we improve these bounds to \(21\) and \(22\), respectively.
Citation
Charles M.Grinstead, Matthew Katinsky, David Van Stone. On Minimal Triangle-Free \(5\)-Chromatic Graphs[J], Journal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing, Volume 006. 189-193. .