Permanents and Determinants of Graphs: A Cycle Polynomial Approach

Edward J. Farrell 1, John W. Kennedy2, Louis V. Quintas 2
1Centre for Graph Polymomials Department of Mathematics University of the West Indies St. Augustine, Trinidad
2 Department of Mathematics Pace University New York, NY 10038, USA

Abstract

Various connections have been established between the permanent and the determinant of the adjacency matrix of a graph. Connections are also made between these scalars and the number of perfect matchings in a graph. We establish conditions for graphs to have determinant 0 or \(\pm1\). Necessary conditions and sufficient conditions are obtained for graphs to have permanent equal to 0 or to 1.