On the \(\lambda\)-fold Spectra for Bipartite Subgraphs of \(^{2}K_{4}\)

S.R. Allen1, R.C. Bunge2, E. Doebel3, S. I. El-Zanati4, P. Kilgus5, C. Shinners4, S. M. Zeppetello5
1Armstrong Township High School, Armstrong, IL 61812
2Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790
3Iowa State University, Ames, A 50011
4University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI 54601
5East Leyden High School, Franklin Park, IL 60131

Abstract

For a graph \(H\) and a positive integer \(\lambda\), let \( ^{\lambda}{H} \) denote the multigraph obtained by replacing each edge of \(H\) with \(\lambda\) parallel edges. Let \(G\) be a multigraph with edge multiplicity \(2\) and with \(C_4\) as its underlying simple graph. We find necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a \(G\)-decomposition of \( ^{\lambda}{K_n} \) for all positive integers \(\lambda\) and \(n\).