Construction of an environmental legal guarantee system based on the analysis of the current situation of rural ecological protection by GIS and big data technology

Abstract

Rural ecological protection and restoration projects are actively underway worldwide, yet in‐depth research on the evolution of rural ecosystems and their underlying mechanisms remains limited. This study investigates the distribution characteristics of rural ecosystems in Ganzhou District by analyzing their number, spatial type, and density. Geodetectors are employed to examine the spatial heterogeneity and key driving factors of these ecosystems. In addition, we assess how the integrated ecosystem service index responds to land use changes, revealing that the proportion of ecological land—contributing up to 50%—is the most significant factor, with grassland showing a strong positive effect (average coefficient 7.99) and construction land exhibiting a negative correlation with the CES index. These findings offer scientific guidance for enhancing rural ecological protection through improved legislation, ecological compensation, and legal aid.