This paper investigates the number of rooted biloopless nonseparable planar near-triangulations and presents some formulae for such maps with three parameters: the valency of root-face, the number of edges and the number of inner faces. All of them are almost summation-free.

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we confirm the total-coloring conjecture for 1-planar graphs without 4-cycles with maximum degree \(\Delta\geq10\).

For a graph \(G=(V,E)\) of size \(q\), a bijection \(f : E \to \{1,2,\ldots,q\}\) is a local antimagic labeling if it induces a vertex labeling \(f^+ : V \to \mathbb{N}\) such that \(f^+(u) \ne f^+(v)\), where \(f^+(u)\) is the sum of all the incident edge label(s) of \(u\), for every edge \(uv \in E(G)\). In this paper, we make use of matrices of fixed sizes to construct several families of infinitely many tripartite graphs with local antimagic chromatic number 3.

An outer independent double Roman dominating function (OIDRDF) of a graph \( G \) is a function \( f:V(G)\rightarrow\{0,1,2,3\} \) satisfying the following conditions:
(i) every vertex \( v \) with \( f(v)=0 \) is adjacent to a vertex assigned 3 or at least two vertices assigned 2;
(ii) every vertex \( v \) with \( f(v)=1 \) has a neighbor assigned 2 or 3;
(iii) no two vertices assigned 0 are adjacent.
The weight of an OIDRDF is the sum of its function values over all vertices, and the outer independent double Roman domination number \( \gamma_{oidR}(G) \) is the minimum weight of an OIDRDF on \( G \). Ahangar et al. [Appl. Math. Comput. 364 (2020) 124617] established that for every tree \( T \) of order \( n \geq 4 \), \( \gamma_{oidR}(T)\leq\frac{5}{4}n \) and posed the question of whether this bound holds for all connected graphs. In this paper, we show that for a unicyclic graph \( G \) of order \( n \), \( \gamma_{oidR}(G) \leq \frac{5n+2}{4} \), and for a bicyclic graph, \( \gamma_{oidR}(G) \leq \frac{5n+4}{4} \). We further characterize the graphs attaining these bounds, providing a negative answer to the question posed by Ahangar et al.

Let \(G\) be a \((p,q)\) graph. Let \(f\) be a function from \(V(G)\) to the set \(\{1,2,\ldots, k\}\) where \(k\) is an integer \(2< k\leq \left|V(G)\right|\). For each edge \(uv\) assign the label \(r\) where \(r\) is the remainder when \(f(u)\) is divided by \(f(v)\) (or) \(f(v)\) is divided by \(f(u)\) according as \(f(u)\geq f(v)\) or \(f(v)\geq f(u)\). \(f\) is called a \(k\)-remainder cordial labeling of \(G\) if \(\left|v_{f}(i)-v_{f}(j)\right|\leq 1\), \(i,j\in \{1,\ldots , k\}\) where \(v_{f}(x)\) denote the number of vertices labeled with \(x\) and \(\left|\eta_{e}(0)-\eta_{o}(1)\right|\leq 1\) where \(\eta_{e}(0)\) and \(\eta_{o}(1)\) respectively denote the number of edges labeled with even integers and number of edges labeled with odd integers. A graph with admits a \(k\)-remainder cordial labeling is called a \(k\)-remainder cordial graph. In this paper we investigate the \(4\)-remainder cordial labeling behavior of Prism, Crossed prism graph, Web graph, Triangular snake, \(L_{n} \odot mK_{1}\), Durer graph, Dragon graph.

Given a connected graph \(H\), its first Zagreb index \(M_{1}(H)\) is equal to the sum of squares of the degrees of all vertices in \(H\). In this paper, we give a best possible lower bound on \(M_{1}(H)\) that guarantees \(H\) is \(\tau\)-path-coverable and \(\tau\)-edge-Hamiltonian, respectively. Our research supplies a continuation of the results presented by Feng et al. (2017).

The degree of an edge \(uv\) of a graph \(G\) is \(d_G(u)+d_G(v)-2.\) The degree associated edge reconstruction number of a graph \(G\) (or dern(G)) is the minimum number of degree associated edge-deleted subgraphs that uniquely determines \(G.\) Graphs whose vertices all have one of two possible degrees \(d\) and \(d+1\) are called \((d,d+1)\)-bidegreed graphs. It was proved, in a sequence of two papers [1,17], that \(dern(mK_{1,3})=4\) for \(m>1,\) \(dern(mK_{2,3})=dern(rP_3)=3\) for \(m>0, ~r>1\) and \(dern(G)=1\) or \(2\) for all other bidegreed graphs \(G\) except the \((d,d+1)\)-bidegreed graphs in which a vertex of degree \(d+1\) is adjacent to at least two vertices of degree \(d.\) In this paper, we prove that \(dern(G)= 1\) or \(2\) for this exceptional bidegreed graphs \(G.\) Thus, \(dern(G)\leq 4\) for all bidegreed graphs \(G.\)

A proper total coloring of a graph \( G \) such that there are at least 4 colors on those vertices and edges incident with a cycle of \( G \), is called an acyclic total coloring. The acyclic total chromatic number of \( G \), denoted by \( \chi^{”}_{a}(G) \), is the smallest number of colors such that \( G \) has an acyclic total coloring. In this article, we prove that for any graph \( G \) with \( \Delta(G)=\Delta \) which satisfies \( \chi^{”}(G)\leq A \) for some constant \( A \), and for any integer \( r \), \( 1\leq r \leq 2\Delta \), there exists a constant \( c>0 \) such that if \( g(G)\geq\frac{c\Delta}{r}\log\frac{\Delta^{2}}{r} \), then \( \chi^{”}_{a}(G)\leq A+r \).

An \( (n,r) \)-arc in \( \operatorname{PG}(2,q) \) is a set \( \mathcal{B} \) of points in \( \operatorname{PG}(2,q) \) such that each line in \( \operatorname{PG}(2,q) \) contains at most \( r \) elements of \( \mathcal{B} \) and such that there is at least one line containing exactly \( r \) elements of \( \mathcal{B} \). The value \( m_r(2,q) \) denotes the maximal number \( n \) of points in the projective geometry \( \operatorname{PG}(2,q) \) for which an \( (n,r) \)-arc exists. We show by systematically excluding possible automorphisms that putative \( (44,5) \)-arcs, \( (90,9) \)-arcs in \( \operatorname{PG}(2,11) \), and \( (39,4) \)-arcs in \( \operatorname{PG}(2,13) \)—in case of their existence—are rigid, i.e. they all would only admit the trivial automorphism group of order \( 1 \). In addition, putative \( (50,5) \)-arcs, \( (65,6) \)-arcs, \( (119,10) \)-arcs, \( (133,11) \)-arcs, and \( (146,12) \)-arcs in \( \operatorname{PG}(2,13) \) would be rigid or would admit a unique automorphism group (up to conjugation) of order \( 2 \).

Let \( S \) be a connected union of finitely many \( d \)-dimensional boxes in \( \mathbb{R}^d \) and let \( \mathcal{B} \) represent the family of boxes determined by facet hyperplanes for \( S \), with \( \mathcal{F} \) the associated family of faces (including members of \( \mathcal{B} \)). For set \( F \) in \( \mathcal{F} \), point \( x \) relatively interior to \( F \), and point \( y \) in \( S \), \( x \) sees \( y \) via staircase paths in \( S \) if and only if every point of \( F \) sees \( y \) via such paths. Thus the visibility set of \( x \) is a union of members of \( \mathcal{F} \), as is the staircase kernel of \( S \). A similar result holds for \( k \)-staircase paths in \( S \) and the \( k \)-staircase kernel of \( S \).