For Cauchy numbers of the first kind \(\{a_n\}_{n \geq 0}\) and Cauchy numbers of the second kind \(\{b_n\}_{n \geq 0}\), we prove that two sequences \(\left\{ \sqrt[n]{|a_n|} \right\}_{n \geq 2}\) and \(\left\{ \sqrt[n]{b_n} \right\}_{n \geq 1}\) are log-concave. In addition, we show that two sequences \(\left\{ \frac{1}{\sqrt[n]{|a_n|}} \right\}_{n \geq 2}\) and \(\left\{ \frac{1}{\sqrt[n]{b_n}} \right\}_{n \geq 1}\) are log-balanced.

Let \( p(x) = a_0 + a_1x + \dots + a_nx^n \) be a polynomial with all roots real and satisfying \( x \leq -\delta \) for some \( 0 < \delta < 1 \). We show that for any \( 0 < \epsilon 0 \). As a corollary, we show that if \( m_k(G) \) is the number of matchings with \( k \) edges in a graph \( G \), then for any \( 0 < \epsilon 0 \) is an absolute constant. We prove a similar result for polynomials with complex roots satisfying \( \Re z \leq -\delta \) and apply it to estimate the number of unbranched subgraphs of \( G \).

Let \( G \) be a graph, a subset \( S \subseteq E(G) \) is called an edge hub set of \( G \) if every pair of edges \( e, f \in E(G) \setminus S \) are connected by a path where all internal edges are from \( S \). The minimum cardinality of an edge hub set is called the edge hub number of \( G \), and is denoted by \( h_e(G) \). If \( G \) is a disconnected graph, then any edge hub set must contain all of the edges in all but one of the components, as well as an edge hub set in the remaining component. In this paper, the edge hub number for several classes of graphs is computed, and bounds in terms of other graph parameters are also determined.

In 1998, D. Callan obtained a binomial identity involving the derangement numbers. In this paper, by using the theory of formal series, we extend such an identity to the generalized derangement numbers. Then, by using the same technique, we obtain other identities of the same kind for the generalized arrangement numbers, the generalized Laguerre polynomials, the generalized Hermite polynomials, the generalized exponential polynomials and the generalized Bell numbers, the hyperharmonic numbers, the Lagrange polynomials and the Gegenbauer polynomials.

In this paper, we present a method to construct a cyclic orthogonal double cover (CODC) of circulant graphs by certain kinds of coronas that model by linear functions.

Following the work of Cano and Díaz, we study continuous binomial coefficients and Catalan numbers. We explore their analytic properties, including integral identities and generalizations of discrete convolutions. We also conduct an in-depth analysis of a continuous analogue of the binomial distribution, including a stochastic representation as a Goldstein-Kac process.

In this paper, we introduce a new operator in order to derive some properties of homogeneous symmetric functions. By making use of the proposed operator, we give some new generating functions for \( k \)-Fibonacci numbers, \( k \)-Pell numbers, and the product of sequences and Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind.

In this paper, we introduce the concept block matrix (B-matrix) of a graph \( G \), and obtain some coefficients of the characteristic polynomial \( \phi(G, \mu) \) of the B-matrix of \( G \). The block energy \( E_B(G) \) is established. Further upper and lower bounds for \( E_B(G) \) are obtained. In addition, we define a uni-block graph. Some properties and new bounds for the block energy of the uni-block graph are presented. Let me know if you need additional edits or formatting adjustments!

We consider analogs of several classical diophantine equations, such as Fermat’s last theorem and Catalan’s conjecture, for certain classes of analytic functions. We give simple direct proofs avoiding use of deep theorems in complex analysis. As a byproduct of our results, we obtain new proofs for the corresponding results over polynomials.

Applying the multisection series method to the MacLaurin series expansion of arcsin-function, we transform the Apéry–like series involving the central binomial coefficients into systems of linear equations. By resolving the  linear systems (for example, by Mathematica), we establish numerous remarkable infinite series formulae for π and logarithm functions, including several recent results due to Almkvist et al. (2003) and Zheng (2008).