A. Y. M. Chin1, H. R. Maimani2, M. R. Pournaki3, S. Yassemi4
1Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Mathematics Section, Department of Basic Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, P.O. Box 16785-163, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9415, Tehran, Iran
4Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
Abstract:

In this paper, we prove that if a graph does not contain any cycle of length greater than \(4\), then the square of its line graph is perfect. As an application, we give a concise proof of a known result: the strong chromatic index of a bipartite graph that does not contain any cycle of length greater than \(4\) is at most \(\Delta^2\), where \(\Delta\) represents the maximum degree of the graph. This latter result provides a partial affirmative answer to some known conjectures on upper bounds for the strong chromatic index of graphs.