Utilitas Algorithmica (UA)

ISSN: xxxx-xxxx (print)

Utilitas Algorithmica (UA) is a premier, open-access international journal dedicated to advancing algorithmic research and its applications. Launched to drive innovation in computer science, UA publishes high-impact theoretical and experimental papers addressing real-world computational challenges. The journal underscores the vital role of efficient algorithm design in navigating the growing complexity of modern applications. Spanning domains such as parallel computing, computational geometry, artificial intelligence, and data structures, UA is a leading venue for groundbreaking algorithmic studies.

M.K. Al-Qeyyam1, M.M.M. Jaradat2, Irbid- Jordan3
1Department of Mathematics Yarmouk University
2Department of Mathematics Yarmouk University
3Department of Mathematics and Physics Qatar University Doha-Qatar
Abstract:

A construction of a minimum cycle basis for the wreath product of a star by a path, two stars and a star by a wheel is given. Moreover, the basis numbers of these products are determined.

Ebrahim Salehi1, Samuel Hansen1
1Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Nevada, Las Vegas Las Vegas, NV 89154-4020
Abstract:

For any \( h \in \mathbb{N} \), a graph \( G = (V, E) \) is said to be \( h \)-magic if there exists a labeling \( l: E(G) \to \mathbb{Z}_h \setminus \{0\} \) such that the induced vertex labeling \( l^+: V(G) \to \mathbb{Z}_h \), defined by

\[ l^+(v) = \sum_{uv \in E(G)} l(uv), \]

is a constant map. When this constant is \( 0 \), we call \( G \) a zero-sum \( h \)-magic graph. The null set of \( G \) is the set of all natural numbers \( h \in \mathbb{N} \) for which \( G \) admits a zero-sum \( h \)-magic labeling. A graph \( G \) is said to be uniformly null if every magic labeling of \( G \) induces a zero sum. In this paper, we will identify the null sets of certain planar graphs such as wheels and fans.

Tlias S. Kotsireas1, Christos Koukouvinos2, Jennifer Seberry3
1Department of Phys. and Comp. Sci. Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
2Department of Mathematics National Technical University of Athens Zografou 15773, Athens, Greece
3Centre for Computer Security Research School of Information Technology and Computer Science University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Abstract:

In this paper, we find six new weighing matrices of order \( 2n \) and weight \( 2n-9 \) constructed from two circulants, by establishing various patterns on the locations of the nine zeros in a potential solution.

Stephanie Costa1, Norman J. Finiziot 2, Christopher Teixeira1
1Rhode Island College, Providence, RI
2University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI.
Abstract:

In the past few years, several studies have appeared that relate to the existence of \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic directed-triplewhist tournaments and \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic ordered-triplewhist tournaments. In these studies, the number of players in the tournament is taken to be a prime \( p \) of the form \( p \equiv 2^k + 1 \pmod{2^k+1} \), where \( k \geq 2 \). For the cases \( k = 2, 3, 4 \) it has been shown [6,4,5,12] that \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic directed-triplewhist tournaments and \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic ordered-triplewhist tournaments exist for all such primes except for the impossible cases \( p = 5, 13, 17 \). For the cases \( k = 5, 6, 7 \) it has been shown [13] that \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic directed-triplewhist tournaments exist for all such primes less than \( 3{,}200{,}000 \) and that \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic ordered-triplewhist tournaments exist for all such primes less than \( 3{,}200{,}000 \) with the exception that existence or non-existence of these designs for \( p = 97, 193, 449, 577, 641, 1409 \) is an open question. Here the case \( k = 8 \) is considered. It is established that \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic directed-triplewhist tournaments and \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic ordered-triplewhist tournaments exist for all primes \( p \equiv 257 \pmod{512} \), \( p \leq 6{,}944{,}177 \), except possibly for \( p = 257, 769, 3329 \). For \( p = 3329 \) we are able to construct a \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic directed-triplewhist tournament, but the existence of a \( \mathbb{Z} \)-cyclic ordered-triplewhist tournament remains an open question. Furthermore, for each type of design it is conjectured that our basic constructions will produce these designs whenever \( p > 5{,}299{,}457 \).

Kim A. S. Factor1, Larry J. Langley2
1Marquette University P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881
2University of the Pacific 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211
Abstract:

The domination graph of a digraph \( D \), denoted \( \text{dom}(D) \), is created using the vertex set of \( D \) and edge \( uv \in E(\text{dom}(D)) \) whenever \( (u,z) \in A(D) \) or \( (v,z) \in A(D) \) for any other vertex \( z \in V(D) \). Specifically, we consider directed graphs whose underlying graphs are isomorphic to their domination graphs. In particular, digraphs are completely characterized where \( UG^c(D) \) is the union of two disjoint paths.

Abstract:

This paper presents a new construction of the \( m \)-fold metaplectic cover of \( \mathrm{GL}_n \) over an algebraic number field \( k \), where \( k \) contains a primitive \( m \)-th root of unity. A 2-cocycle on \( \mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{A}) \) representing this extension is given, and the splitting of the cocycle on \( \mathrm{GL}_n(k) \) is found explicitly. The cocycle is smooth at almost all places of \( k \). As a consequence, a formula for the Kubota symbol on \( \mathrm{SL}_n \) is obtained. The construction of the paper requires neither class field theory nor algebraic \( K \)-theory but relies instead on naive techniques from the geometry of numbers introduced by W. Habicht and T. Kubota. The power reciprocity law for a number field is obtained as a corollary.

Toufik Mansour1, Yidong Sun2
1Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa, 31905 Haifa, Israel
2Department of Mathematics, Dalian Maritime University, 116026 Dalian, P.R. China
Abstract:

Let \( \pi = \pi_1 \pi_2 \cdots \pi_n \) be any permutation of length \( n \), we say a descent \( \pi_i \pi_{i+1} \) is a {lower}, {middle}, {upper} if there exists \( j > i+1 \) such that \( \pi_j < \pi_{i+1}, \pi_{i+1} < \pi_j < \pi_i, \pi_i < \pi_j \), respectively. Similarly, we say a rise \( \pi_i \pi_{i+1} \) is a {lower}, {middle}, {upper} if there exists \( j > i+1 \) such that \( \pi_j < \pi_i, \pi_i < \pi_j < \pi_{i+1}, \pi_{i+1} < \pi_j \), respectively. In this paper, we give an explicit formula for the generating function for the number of permutations of length \( n \) according to the number of upper, middle, lower rises, and upper, middle, lower descents. This allows us to recover several known results in the combinatorics of permutation patterns as well as many new results. For example, we give an explicit formula for the generating function for the number of permutations of length \( n \) having exactly \( m \) middle descents.

Alexander Fish 1
1Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin, Madison 480 Lincoln Drive Madison, WI 53706
Abstract:

We prove that a sumset of a TE subset of N (these sets can be viewed as “aperiodic” sets) with a set of positive upper density intersects any polynomial sequence. For WM sets (subclass of TE sets) we prove that the intersection has lower Banach density one. In addition we obtain a generalization of the latter result to the case of several polynomials.

Debashish Bose1, C.P. Anil Kumar2, R. Krishnan3, Shobha Madan4
1Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
2Infosys, Bangalore, India
3Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai, India
4Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
Abstract:

In this paper, we prove the Tiling implies Spectral part of Fuglede’s cojecture for the three interval case. Then we prove the converse Spectral implies Tiling in the case of three equal intervals and also in the case where the intervals have lengths 1/2, 1/4, 1/4. Next, we consider a set Ω ⊂ R, which is a union of n intervals. If Ω is a spectral set, we prove a structure theorem for the spectrum provided the spectrum is assumed to be contained in some lattice. The method of this proof has some implications on the Spectral implies Tiling part of Fuglede’s conjecture for three intervals. In the final step in the proof, we need a symbolic computation using Mathematica. Finally with one additional assumption we can conclude that the Spectral implies Tiling holds in this case.

Tom Sanders 1
1Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England
Abstract:

We show that if \( A \) is a finite subset of an abelian group with additive energy at least \( c|A|^3 \), then there is a set \( \mathcal{L} \subset A \) with \( |\mathcal{L}| = O(c^{-1} \log |A|) \) such that \( |A \cap \mathrm{Span}(\mathcal{L})| = \Omega(c^{1/3} |A|) \).

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