Utilitas Algorithmica (UA)

ISSN: xxxx-xxxx (print)

Utilitas Algorithmica (UA) is a premier, open-access international journal dedicated to advancing algorithmic research and its applications. Launched to drive innovation in computer science, UA publishes high-impact theoretical and experimental papers addressing real-world computational challenges. The journal underscores the vital role of efficient algorithm design in navigating the growing complexity of modern applications. Spanning domains such as parallel computing, computational geometry, artificial intelligence, and data structures, UA is a leading venue for groundbreaking algorithmic studies.

Ming-Guang Leu1, Cheng-Yih Lin1, Shih-Yung Weng1
1DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY, CHUNG-LI, TAIWAN 32054, REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Abstract:

Let \(M(d,n)\) denote the minimax number of group tests required for the identification of the \(d\) defectives in a set of \(n\) items. It was conjectured by Hu, Hwang, and Wang that \(M(d,n) = n-1\) for \(n \leq 3d\), a surprisingly difficult combinatorial problem with very little known. The best known result is \(M(d,n) = n-1\) for \(n \leq \frac{42}{16}d\) by Du and Hwang. In this note, we improve their result by proving \(M(d,n) = n – 1\) for \(d \geq 193\) and \(n \leq \frac{42}{16}d\).

Toru Araki1, Masayuki Kogure1, Yukio Shibata1
1Department of Computer Science, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515 Japan
Abstract:

In this paper, we investigate the divisibility of \(mn\) by \(am+bn+c\) for given \(a\), \(b\), and \(c\). We give the necessary and sufficient condition for the divisibility, that is, \(am + bn + c\) divides \(mn\). We then present the structure of the set of pairs \([m,n]\) that satisfies the divisibility. This structure is represented by a directed graph and we prove the necessary and sufficient condition for the graph to have a binary tree structure. In particular, for \(c = -1\), we show double binary tree structures on the set.

Peter Horak1, Salem Al Yakoob1
1Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Kuwait: University, P.O.Box 5969 Safat 13060, Kuwait
Abstract:

We give a necessary and sufficient condition of Hall’s type for a family of sets of even cardinality to be decomposable into two subfamilies having a common system of distinct representatives. An application of this result to partitions of Steiner Triple Systems into small configurations is presented.

Peter Adams1, Elizabeth J.Billington1, C.C. Lindner2
1 Centre for Discrete Mathematics and Computing, Department of Mathematics, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072 Australia
2Department of Discrete and Statistical Sciences 120 Math Annex Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849-5307 U.S.A.
Abstract:

In this paper, we construct \(2\)-factorizations of \(K_n\) (\(n\) odd) containing a specified number, \(k\), of \(6\)-cycles, for all integers \(k\) between 0 and the maximum possible expected number of \(6\)-cycles in any \(2\)-factorization, and for all odd \(n\), with no exceptions.

Martin Baca1, Yuqing Lin2, Mirka Miller3
1 Department of Applied Mathematics Technical University, Kogice, Slovak Republic
2 Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Newcastle, Australia
3Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Newcastle, Australia
Abstract:

We deal with \((a,d)\)-face antimagic labelings of a certain class of plane quartic graphs. A connected plane graph \(G = (V, E, F)\) is said to be \((a,d)\)-\({face\; antimagic}\) if there exist positive integers \(a\) and \(d\), and a bijection \(g : E(G) \rightarrow \{1,2,…,|E(G)|\}\) such that the induced mapping \(\varphi_g : F(G) \rightarrow {N}\), defined by \(\varphi_g(f) = \sum\{g(e): e \in E(G) \text{ adjacent to face } f\}\), is injective and \(\varphi_g(F) = \{a,a+d,…,a+ (|F(G)| – 1)d\}\).

Mahesh Andar1, Samina Boxwala2, N.B. Limaye3
1Department of Mathematics N. Wadia College, Pune
2 Department of Mathematics N. Wadia College, Pune
3 Department of Mathematics University of Mumbai Vidyanagari, Mumbai 400098, India
Abstract:

Let \(G\) be a graph with vertex set \(V\) and edge set \(E\). A vertex labelling \(f : V \rightarrow \{0,1\}\) induces an edge labelling \(\overline{f} : E \rightarrow \{0,1\}\) defined by \(\overline{f}(uv) = |f(u) – f(v)|\). Let \(v_f(0), v_f(1)\) denote the number of vertices \(v\) with \(f(v) = 0\) and \(f(v) = 1\) respectively. Let \(e_f(0), e_f(1)\) be similarly defined. A graph is said to be cordial if there exists a vertex labeling \(f\) such that \(|v_f(0) – v_f(1)| \leq 1\) and \(|e_f(0) – e_f(1)| \leq 1\). In this paper, we show that for every positive integer \(t\) and \(n\) the following families are cordial: (1) Helms \(H_{n}\). (2) Flower graphs \(FL_{n}\). (3) Gear graphs \(G_{n}\). (4) Sunflower graphs \(SFL_{n}\). (5) Closed helms \(CH_{n}\). (6) Generalised closed helms \(CH(t,n)\). (7) Generalised webs \(W(t, n)\).

Lutz Volkmann1
1 Lehrstuhl II fir Mathematik, RWTH Aachen, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Abstract:

A cycle \(C\) of a graph \(G\) is called a \(q\)-dominating cycle if every vertex of \(G\) which is not contained in \(C\) is adjacent to at least \(q\) vertices of \(C\). Let \(G\) be a \(k\)-connected graph with \(k \geq 2\). We present a sufficient condition, in terms of the degree sum of \(k + 1\) independent vertices, for \(G\) to have a \(qg\)-dominating cycle. This is an extension of a 1987 result by J.A. Bondy and G. Fan. Furthermore, examples will show that the given condition is best possible.

Zi-Xia Song1
1Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore 10 Kent Ridge Crescent Singapore, 119260
Abstract:

In an earlier paper [11], we proved that there does not exist any \(\Delta\)-critical graph of even order with five major vertices. In this paper, we prove that if \(G\) is a \(\Delta\)-critical graph of odd order \(2n+1\) with five major vertices, then \(e(G) = n\Delta+1\). This extends an earlier result of Chetwynd and Hilton, and also completes our characterization of graphs with five major vertices. In [9], we shall apply this result to establish some results on class 2 graphs whose core has maximum degree two.

Ch. Eslahchi1, M. Ghebleh2, H. Hajiabolhassan3
1Department of Mathematics Shahid Beheshti University Evin, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Mathematical Sciences Sharif University of Technology P.O. Box 11365-9415, Tehran, Iran
3Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (IPM)
Abstract:

In this paper, uniquely list colorable graphs are studied. A graph \(G\) is said to be uniquely \(k\)-list colorable if it admits a \(k\)-list assignment from which \(G\) has a unique list coloring. The minimum \(k\) for which \(G\) is not uniquely \(k\)-list colorable is called the \(m\)-number of \(G\). We show that every triangle-free uniquely colorable graph with chromatic number \(k+1\) is uniquely \(k\)-list colorable. A bound for the \(m\)-number of graphs is given, and using this bound it is shown that every planar graph has \(m\)-number at most \(4\). Also, we introduce list criticality in graphs and characterize all \(3\)-list critical graphs. It is conjectured that every \(\chi_\ell’\)-critical graph is \(\chi’\)-critical, and the equivalence of this conjecture to the well-known list coloring conjecture is shown.

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