We apply the technique of patchwork embeddings to find orientable genus embeddings of the Cartesian product of a complete regular tripartite graph with an even cycle. In particular, the orientable genus of \(K_{m,m,m} \times C_{2n}\) is determined for \(m \geq 1\) and for all \(n \geq 3\) and \(n = 1 \). For \(n = 2\) both lower and upper bounds are given.

We see that the resulting embeddings may have a mixture of triangular and quadrilateral faces, in contrast to previous applications of the patchwork method.

The redundancy \(R(G)\) of a graph \(G\) is the minimum, over all dominating sets \(S\), of \(\sum_{v \in S} 1 + d(v)\), where \(d(v)\) is the degree of vertex \(v\). We establish a sharp upper bound on the redundancy of trees and characterize all trees that achieve the bound.

We first prove that for any fixed \(k\), a cubic graph with few short cycles contains a \(K_{k}\)-minor. This is a direct generalization of a result on girth by Thomassen. We then use this theorem to show that for any fixed \(k\), a random cubic graph contains a \(K_{k}\)-minor asymptotically almost surely.

Partial parallelisrms Uhat admit a collineation group that fixes one spread \(\Sigma\), fixes a line of it and acts sharply two-transitive on the remaining lines of \(\Sigma\) are completely classified.

Recently, Babson and Steingrimsson (see \([BS]\)) introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation.

Following \([BCS]\), let \(e_k,m\) (respectively, \(f_k\pi\)) be the number of occurrences of the generalized pattern \(12-3-\ldots-k\) (respectively, \(21-3-\ldots-k\)) in a permutation \(\pi\). In the present note, we study the distribution of the statistics \(e_k,f_k\) and \(f_k\pi\) in a permutation avoiding the classical pattern \(1-3-2\).

We also present some applications of our results, which relate the enumeration of permutations avoiding the classical pattern \(1-3-2\) according to the statistics \(e_k\) and \(f_k\) to Narayana numbers and Catalan numbers.

We show that a negation of tautology corresponds to a family of graphs without nowhere-zero group- and integer-valued flows.

We show that in any graph \(G\) on \(n\) vertices with \(d(x) + d(y) \geq n\) for any two nonadjacent vertices \(x\) and \(y\), we can fix the order of \(k\) vertices on a given cycle and find a Hamiltonian cycle encountering these vertices in the same order, as long as \(k < n/12\) and \(G\) is \([(k+1)/2]\)-connected. Further, we show that every \([3k/2]\)-connected graph on \(n\) vertices with \(d(x) + d(y) \geq n\) for any two nonadjacent vertices \(x\) and \(y\) is \(k\)-ordered Hamiltonian, i.e., for every ordered set of \(k\) vertices, we can find a Hamiltonian cycle encountering these vertices in the given order. Both connectivity bounds are best possible.

We establish that for any \(m \in \mathbb{N}\) and any \(K_m\)-free graph \(G\) on \(\mathbb{N}\), there exist large additive and multiplicative structures that are independent with respect to \(G\). In particular, there exists for each \(l \in \mathbb{N}\) an arithmetic progression \(A_l\) of length \(l\) with increment chosen from the finite sums of a prespecified sequence \(\langle t_{l,n}\rangle _{n=1}^{\infty}\), such that \(\bigcup_{i=1 }^\infty A_l\) is an independent set. Moreover, if \(F\) and \(H\) are disjoint finite subsets of \(\mathbb{N}\), and for each \(t \in F \cup H\), \(a_t \in A_l\), then \(\{\Sigma_{t \in F}a_t\Sigma_{t \in H} a_t\}\) is not an edge of \(G\). If \(G\) is \(K_{m,m}\)-free, one may drop the disjointness assumption on the sets \(F\) and \(H\). Analogous results are valid for geometric progressions.

A connected graph \(G(V, E)\) is said to be \((a, d)\)-antimagic if there exist positive integers \(a\) and \(d\) and a bijection \(f: E \to \{1, 2, \ldots, |E|\}\) such that the induced mapping \(g_f: V \to \mathbb{N}\) defined by \(g_f(v) = \sum\{f(u,v) | (u, v) \in E(G)\}\) is injective and \(g_f(V) = \{a, a+d, a+2d, \ldots, a+(|V|-1)d\}\). In this paper, we mainly investigate \((a, d)\)-antimagic labeling of some special trees, complete bipartite graphs \(K_{m,n}\), and categorize \((a, d)\)-antimagic unicyclic graphs.

A graph \(G = (V, E)\) is said to be an \(integral \;sum \;graph\) ( respectively, \(sum \;graph\)) if there is a labeling \(f\) of its vertices with distinct integers ( respectively, positive integers) , so that for any two vertices \(u\) and \(v\), \(uv\) is an edge of \(G\) if and only if \(f(u) + f(v) = f(w)\) for some other vertex \(w\). For a given graph \(G\), the \(integral\; sum\; number\) \(\zeta = \zeta(G)\) (respectively, \(sum\; number\) \(\sigma = \sigma(G)\) ) is defined to be the smallest number of isolated vertices which when added to \(G\) result in an integral sum graph (respectively, sum graph). In a graph \(G\), a vertex \(v \in V(G)\) is said to a \(hanging\; vertex\) if the degree of it \(d(v) = 1\). A path \(P \subseteq G\), \(P = x_ox_1x_2\ldots x_t\), is said to be a \(hanging\; path\) if its two end vertices are respectively a hanging vertex \(x_o\) and a vertex \(x_t\) whose degree \(d(x_t) \neq 2\) where \(d(x_j) = 2 (j = 1,2,\ldots,t – 1)\) for every other vertex of \(P\). A hanging path \(P\) is said to be a tail of \(G\), denoted by \(t(G)\), if its length \(|t(G)|\) is a maximum among all hanging paths of \(G\). In this paper, we prove \(\zeta(T_3) = 0\), where \(T_3\) is any tree with \(|t(T_3)| \geq 3\). The result improves a previous result for integral sum trees from identification of Chen\((1998)\).