
In this paper, the distance and degree based topological indices for double silicate chain graph are obtained.
In this paper, we introduce a new form of fuzzy number named as Icosikaitetragonal fuzzy number with its membership function. It includes some basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and scalar multiplication by means of
In this paper, we determine the wirelength of embedding complete bipartite graphs
A dominator coloring is a proper vertex coloring of a graph
If every induced sub graph
A set
Among the varius coloring of graphs, the concept of equitable total coloring of graph
Making use of
A set
A proper vertex coloring of a graph where every node of the graph dominates all nodes of some color class is called the dominator coloring of the graph. The least number of colors used in the dominator coloring of a graph is called the dominator coloring number denoted by
A digraph G is finite and is denoted as
where
Molecular graphs are models of molecules in which atoms are represented by vertices and chemical bonds by edges of a graph. Graph invariant numbers reflecting certain structural features of a molecule that are derived from its molecular graph are known as topological indices. A topological index is a numerical descriptor of a molecule, based on a certain topological feature of the corresponding molecular graph. One of the most widely known topological descriptor is the Wiener index. The Weiner index
In the field of membrane computing. P system is a versatile model of computing, introduced by Paun [6], based on a combination of (i) the biological features of functioning of living cells and the members structure and (ii) the theoretical concepts and results related to formal language theory. Among different Application areas of the model of P system, Ceterchi et al. [2] proposed an array-rewriting P system generating picture arrays based on the well-established notions in the area of array rewriting grammars and iso-array grammar have also been introduced. In this paper we consider structures in the two-dimensional plane called equi-triangular array composed of equilateral triangular array grammar and a corresponding P system, in the order to generate such structures. We Also examine the generative power of these new models of picture generation.
We disprove a conjecture proposed in [Gaspers et al., Discrete Applied Mathematics, 2010] and provide a new upper bound for the minimum number of brushes required to continually parallel clean a clique.
The strong chromatic index
We introduce a new representation of MOFS of type
Arboricity is a graph parameter akin to chromatic number, in that it seeks to partition the vertices into the smallest number of sparse subgraphs. Where for the chromatic number we are partitioning the vertices into independent sets, for the arboricity we want to partition the vertices into cycle-free subsets (i.e., forests). Arboricity is NP-hard in general, and our focus is on the arboricity of cographs. For arboricity two, we obtain the complete list of minimal cograph obstructions. These minimal obstructions do generalize to higher arboricities; however, we no longer have a complete list, and in fact, the number of minimal cograph obstructions grows exponentially with arboricity.
We obtain bounds on their size and the height of their cotrees. More generally, we consider the following common generalization of colouring and partition into forests: given non-negative integers
Motivated by problems involving triangle-decompositions of graphs, we examine the facet structure of the cone
We consider the problem of detecting an intruder in a network where there are two types of detecting devices available. One device can determine the distance from itself to the intruder and the other can see the vertex it occupies as well as all adjacent vertices. The problem is to determine how many devices are required and where they should be placed in order to determine a single intruder’s location. We show that on the one hand, finding the minimum number of devices required to do this is easy when the network is a tree with at most one leaf adjacent to any vertex, while on the other hand finding this number is an NP-complete problem even for trees with at most two leaves adjacent to any vertex.
We present a 2-edge-coloured analogue of the duality theorem for transitive tournaments and directed paths. Given a 2-edge-coloured path
The duals are simple to construct, in particular
An edge coloring
Let
A signed graph
When there exists a homomorphism of
The game of cops and robbers on a graph is a vertex pursuit game played by two players with perfect information. Per the rules of the game, a given graph is either inherently cop-win or robber-win. It is possible that adding any edge changes the inherent nature of a particular graph. Such a graph is maximal in the sense that no edge can be added without changing its “win-state”. Furthermore, if deleting any edge changes the “win-state”, then this graph is minimal. Join us as we walk this thin blue line between cop-win and robber-win and explore the good, the bad, and the ugly.
Let
Let
A broadcast on a nontrivial connected graph
We prove that
We continue our studies of burn-off chip-firing games from Discrete Math. Theor. Comput. Sci. 15 (2013), no. 1, 121–132; MR3040546] and Australas. J. Combin. 68 (2017), no. 3, 330–345; MR3656659]. The latter article introduced randomness by choosing successive seeds uniformly from the vertex set of a graph
We study homomorphism properties of signed
Game coloring is a two-player game in which each player properly colors one vertex of a graph at a time until all the vertices are colored. An “eternal” version of game coloring is introduced in this paper in which the vertices are colored and re-colored from over a sequence of rounds. In a given round, each vertex is colored, or re-colored, once, so that a proper coloring is maintained. Player 1 wants to maintain a proper coloring forever, while player 2 wants to force the coloring process to fail. The eternal game chromatic number of a graph
Let
We discuss the connections tying Laplacian matrices to abstract duality and planarity of graphs.
A set
Given an n-connected binary matroid, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for its single-element coextensions to be
In this paper, we provide bounds for the crossing number of mesh connected trees and 3-regular mesh of trees.
The ordinary factorial may be written in terms of the Stirling numbers of the second kind as shown by Quaintance and Gould and the odd double factorial in terms of the Stirling numbers of the first kind as shown by Callan. During the preparation of an expository paper on Wolstenholme’s Theorem, we discovered an expression for the odd double factorial using the Stirling numbers of the second kind. This appears to be the first such identity involving both positive and negative integers and the result is outlined here.
An
In this paper, we generalise the notion of distance irregular labeling introduced by Slamin to vertex irregular
A Hamiltonian walk in a nontrivial connected graph
The paired domination subdivision number
Given a permutation
The edge-distinguishing chromatic number
Motivated by the existing 3-equitable labeling of graphs, in this paper we introduce a new graph labeling called 3-equitable total labeling and we investigate the 3-equitable total labeling of several families of graphs such as
The cluster deletion (CD) problem consists of transforming an input graph into a disjoint union of cliques by removing as few edges as possible. For general graphs, this is a combinatorial optimization problem that belongs to the NP-hard computational complexity class. In the present paper, we identify a new polynomially solvable CD subproblem. Specifically, we propose a two-phase polynomial algorithm that solves CD on (butterfly, diamond)-free graphs.
The maximum rectilinear crossing number of a graph
For every connected graph
Let
A double Italian dominating function on a digraph
A connected graph
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